Kuva ku munsi wejo hashize, abaturage benshi mu Rwanda bakomeje kugaragaza impungenge zishingiye ku izamuka rikabije ry’ibiciro by’ibikomoka kuri peteroli, cyane cyane lisansi na mazutu. Iri zamuka rifite ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bwa buri munsi, kuko ritagarukira gusa ku bijyanye no gutwara abantu n’ibintu, ahubwo rinazamura ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa n’izindi serivisi z’ingenzi zifasha abaturage mu mibereho yabo.
Nk’uko byatangajwe n’inzego zibishinzwe, ibiciro bishya byatangiye gushyirwa mu bikorwa mu ntangiriro z’ukwezi kwa Mata 2026 byagaragaje izamuka rigaragara ugereranyije n’ibyumweru byari byabanje. Kuri ubu, igiciro cya lisansi kirenga amafaranga 2,300 ku litiro, mu gihe mazutu yo igeze ku mafaranga arenga 2,200 ku litiro. Ibi byatumye ibiciro by’ingendo, haba mu mijyi no mu ntara, bizamuka ku buryo bugaragara, bigatuma ubuzima burushaho guhenda ku baturage basanzwe.
Abaturage, cyane cyane abafite ubushobozi buke, bavuga ko ubuzima bugenda burushaho kugorana. Abanyeshuri biga muri kaminuza, by’umwihariko abahabwa inkunga ya Leta, ni bamwe mu bibasiwe cyane n’iki kibazo. Bagaragaza ko amafaranga bahabwaga mbere atakibasha kubatunga uko bikwiye. Umwe muri bo yagize ati: “Amafaranga ibihumbi 40 twahabwaga mbere, ubu ntakibasha gukemura ibibazo byose. Iyo ukuyeho ubukode 15000 frw, gaze 14500 frw cyangwa amakara 20000 frw, internet n’andi mafaranga y’ibanze 5000 frw, ntihasigara amafaranga ahagije yo kugura ibiribwa.”
Si abanyeshuri gusa bahangayikishijwe n’iki kibazo, kuko n’abacuruzi n’abakora imirimo itandukanye bagaragaza ko igiciro cyo gutwara ibicuruzwa cyazamutse, bigatuma nabo bongera ibiciro ku bicuruzwa byabo. Ibi bituma isoko ryose rizamukaho ibiciro, umuturage usanzwe akagorwa no kubona ibyo kurya n’ibindi bikenerwa buri munsi.
Abasesenguzi mu by’ubukungu bagaragaza ko iri zamuka rifitanye isano n’ibibazo byo ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Amakimbirane n’intambara zibera mu bice bitandukanye by’isi, cyane cyane mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati aho ibihugu bikungahaye ku mavuta nka Iran bihanganye n’ibihugu bikomeye nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika na Israel, bituma ibiciro bya peteroli ku isoko mpuzamahanga bizamuka. Ibi bigira ingaruka ku bihugu bitumiza peteroli hanze, birimo n’u Rwanda.
N’ubwo ibi bibazo bihari, Guverinoma y’u Rwanda ikomeje kugaragaza ko ubukungu bw’igihugu buhagaze neza. Mu kiganiro Minisitiri w’Intebe, Dr Justin Nsengiyumva, yagiranye n’itangazamakuru, yavuze ko ubukungu bw’u Rwanda bwazamutse ku gipimo cya 9.4% mu mwaka wa 2025, buvuye kuri 8.9% mu mwaka wa 2024. Ibi byerekana ko ubukungu bw’igihugu bukomeje kwiyongera ku rwego rushimishije, buruta n’impuzandengo y’ibihugu byo munsi y’Ubutayu bwa Sahara ndetse n’iy’isi muri rusange.
Yasobanuye ko iri zamuka ryatewe n’iterambere mu nzego zitandukanye zirimo serivisi, ubuhinzi n’inganda, byose bikomeje kuzamuka ku gipimo cyiza. Yagize ati: “Ubukungu bwacu bwifashe neza. Nubwo hari ibibazo, turabizi kandi turiteguye kubikemura. Abaturage ntibakwiye kwiheba kuko hari ingamba zikomeje gufatwa.”
Ku bijyanye n’ingaruka z’intambara iri mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, Guverinoma yavuze ko ikomeje gukurikirana uko ibintu bihagaze, kandi ko ibyemezo bizajya bifatwa hashingiwe ku nyungu z’igihugu. Mu rwego rwo kwitegura, u Rwanda rufite ubushobozi bwo kubika ibikomoka kuri peteroli bishobora kumara amezi arenga atandatu, bigafasha kugabanya ingaruka z’ihindagurika ry’ibiciro ku isoko mpuzamahanga.
Byongeye kandi, hari ingamba zafashwe zigamije kugabanya gukoresha ibikomoka kuri peteroli, harimo guteza imbere ingufu zisimbura izisanzwe nka gaz ikoreshwa mu ngo, ndetse no kubyaza umusaruro gaz methane iboneka mu Kiyaga cya Kivu. Biteganyijwe ko mu mwaka wa 2029, hazaba hatangiye kuboneka ingufu zingana na megawatt 185 zituruka kuri iyo gaz, bikazafasha mu kugabanya igitutu ku ikoreshwa rya peteroli.
